Influence of precipitation on the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect in Al-Mg alloys

In the alloy with solute content higher than the limiting solubility, the solute atoms that have failed to dissolve will precipitate from the solid solution and form precipitations. In this study, the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effects in annealed 5456 and 5052 aluminum alloys with different precipitation contents have been investigated under different applied strain rates. The results suggest that precipitations have significant effect on the PLC effect and the more the precipitations are, the greater the influence is. Furthermore, the solute diffusion is pipe diffusion in 5052 alloy with lower precipitation content. However, for 5456 alloy with higher precipitation content, the diffusion is no longer the case but more complex.     

考虑应力三轴度影响的30CrMnSiNi2A钢韧性断裂研究

30CrMnSiNi2A钢是一种在军工领域应用广泛的低合金高强度钢。针对结构完整性的评估问题,采用试验和数值计算结合的方法研究了30CrMnSiNi2A钢的韧性断裂特性。对光滑圆棒试件在不同温度下进行准静态和动态拉伸试验,并通过有限元迭代方法标定了材料的Johnson-Cook动态本构模型参数,分析了温度和应变率对30CrMnSiNi2A钢断裂行为的影响。开展了缺口圆棒拉伸、缺口平板剪切和圆柱压缩试验,计算了各试件对应的平均应力三轴度和断裂应变,给出了应力三轴度在?1/3～1.5区间内的断裂应变变化曲线,分别确定了Johnson-Cook和Bao-Wierzbicki失效模型参数。研究表明,30CrMnSiNi2A钢的断裂应变与应力状态密切相关,且在不同的应力三轴度区间内曲线单调性差异较大,Bao-Wierzbicki失效模型较好地描述了这种钢在不同应力状态下的断裂特性。     

Shear Thickening Fluids Based on Additives with Different Concentrations and Molecular Chain Lengths

将二氧化硅颗粒和不同分子链长添加剂颗粒分散到聚乙二醇分散介质中制得剪切增稠液样品,研究了添加剂的不同含量和不同分子链长对剪切增稠液流变性能的影响. 对其流变特性的研究表明,随着添加剂含量的增加和分子链长的增长,样品的剪切增稠效应增强明显,并用大粒子簇的形成对增强机理给出了合理的解释.     

A Gaussian distribution model of anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers

A Gaussian distribution model was developed to examine the field-induced performance of anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers. The developed model was based on the assumption that the iron particles in magnetorheological elastomers aggregate into a large number of parallel body-centered tetragonal structure columns whose length obeys the Gaussian distribution. By using multi-pole approximation with local field effect and taking into account the nonlinearity and saturation of particle magnetization, the field-induced shear modulus was calculated as a function of distribution and dimension of the particle structures, the external magnetic field and the dynamic shear strain. Compared with other modes as well as the published experimental results, this model shows a remarkable improvement in accurately predicting the behavior of the magnetorheological elastomers.     

螺旋管聚能药包根底光面爆破机理研究及应用

针对现阶段光面爆破存在的根底不平整问题以及炸药能量利用率低的问题，提出了一种螺旋管聚能药包。为探究药包的破岩机理，采用LS-DYNA数值模拟和钻孔爆破试验相结合的方法研究了此药包的破岩机理。数值模拟结果表明，螺旋管聚能药包能形成连续金属射流侵彻炮孔孔壁，孔壁被侵彻出垂直炮孔方向的裂缝。用普通柱状药包和此药包进行钻孔爆破对比试验，结果表明，螺旋管药包试样的残留炮孔孔壁有螺旋形侵彻缝，印证了数值模拟的侵彻结果。并且相比于普通柱状药包，其炮孔利用率提高7.2%、扩孔率提高8.4%。将此药包应用于舟山绿色石化基地围垦区，结果表明，螺旋管药包爆破区域根底高度平均比普通装药低14 cm，根底高度标准差比普通装药小12 cm。研究成果在爆破工程应用中有很大价值，可以降低施工成本、加快施工进度、提高爆破效果，适合在矿山开采、井巷掘进等工程中使用。     

Modeling photo-induced deformation of glassy splay-bend and twist nematic sheets

Azobenzene-containing glassy nematic sheets deform in response to light in a complicated way depending on director distribution. To quantify the large-deflected deformation, a theoretical model is developed for the sheets with typical splay-bend and twist director distributions. A third-order in-plane displacement assumption is adopted to characterize the effect of transverse shear deformation, and the necessity is discussed through two examples for which analytical solutions are obtainable. Though this work is an extension of the third-order shear deformable theory for anisotropic laminates, it involves some new ingredients such as varying spontaneous strains and special material symmetries. The results are expected useful for analysis and design of the glassy nematic sheets in actuation applications.     

具有恒定冲击载荷的梯度泡沫金属材料设计

多胞材料可通过大变形大量地吸收冲击能量，引入密度梯度可进一步提高其耐撞性。梯度多胞材料的宏观力学响应对材料密度分布极为敏感，不同类型的细观构型的影响也极为不同。已有的研究工作主要局限在对给定的密度梯度分析其动态响应，较少对耐撞性设计方法进行研究。本文针对梯度闭孔泡沫金属材料，基于非线性塑性冲击波模型发展了耐撞性反向设计方法，以维持冲击物受载恒定为目标，运用级数法获得了简化模型和渐近解。利用变胞元尺寸法构建了连续梯度变化的三维Voronoi细观有限元模型，并利用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元软件对理论设计进行数值验证。结果表明，反向设计理论简化模型的渐近解对于梯度闭孔泡沫金属材料的耐撞性设计是有效的，所提出的耐撞性设计方法在控制冲击吸能过程和冲击物受载方面具有指导意义。     

Fabrication and biocompatible characterization of magnetic hollow capsules

Monodispersed Fe3O4/polypyrrole （PPy） hollow particles were synthesized via controllable in-situ deposition and polymerization techniques using poly（styrene-co-acrylic） （PSA） latex as template. Field-dependent magnetization plot illustrates that the capsules are superparamagnetic at 300 K. FTIR spectrum confirms that the myoglobin （Mb） molecule adsorbed on the surface of Fe3O4/PPy hollow particle essentially retains its native structure. Furthermore, direct electrochemistry of Mb can be realized on Fe3O4/PPy capsules modified pyrolytic graphite disk electrode, which indicates that the magnetic conductive polymer capsules can promote the electron transfer of protein.     

Hydrogen Treatment for Superparamagnetic VO2 Nanowires with Large Room‐Temperature Magnetoresistance

One‐dimensional (1D) transition metal oxide (TMO) nanostructures are actively pursued in spintronic devices owing to their nontrivial d electron magnetism and confined electron transport pathways. However, for TMOs, the realization of 1D structures with long‐range magnetic order to achieve a sensitive magnetoelectric response near room temperature has been a longstanding challenge. Herein, we exploit a chemical hydric effect to regulate the spin structure of 1D V–V atomic chains in monoclinic VO₂ nanowires. Hydrogen treatment introduced V³⁺ (3d²) ions into the 1D zigzag V–V chains, triggering the formation of ferromagnetically coupled V³⁺–V⁴⁺ dimers to produce 1D superparamagnetic chains and achieve large room‐temperature negative magnetoresistance (?23.9 %, 300 K, 0.5 T). This approach offers new opportunities to regulate the spin structure of 1D nanostructures to control the intrinsic magnetoelectric properties of spintronic materials.     

钛基纤维炸药水下爆炸性能的初步分析

通过爆炸压力时程曲线分析含钛纤维炸药的压力峰值、水下比冲击波能、比气泡能、质量能量及能量密度变化趋势,通过对所得能量结果分析钛纤维炸药的化学反应过程。结果表明:含钛纤维炸药的压力峰值、比冲击波能随钛纤维含量的提高而降低,比气泡能随钛纤维含量的提高而增大,质量能量及能量密度都随钛纤维含量的提高而增大。随距离的增大,钛纤维炸药压力峰值衰减比RDX的慢,而不同钛纤维含量的钛纤维炸药的比冲击波能、比气泡能在不同距离处随钛纤维含量变化趋势基本一致。根据炸药反应释放的总比能量进行理论分析,得出钛纤维炸药爆炸反应方程式。